What is longhole open stoping?
Long hole stoping as the name suggests uses holes drilled by a production drill to a predetermined pattern as designed by a mining engineer. Long hole stoping is a highly selective and productive method of mining and can cater for varying ore thicknesses and dips (0 – 90 degree).
What is sub level slicing?
i. A stoping method in which relatively thin blocks of ore are caused to cave by successively undermining small panels. The ore deposit is developed by a series of sublevels spaced at vertical intervals of 18 to 25 ft or 30 ft (5.5 to 7.6 m or 9.1 m) and occasionally more.
What is shrinkage stoping mining method?
GENERAL DESCRIPTION Shrinkage or shrinkage stoping refers to any mining method in which broken ore is temporarily retained in the stope to provide a working platform and/or to offer temporary support to the stope walls during active mining.
What is the difference between block caving and sublevel caving?
Sub-level caving also allows for a slightly more selective extraction of the orebody than is attainable through block or panel caving. Production rates achieved in sub-level caving operations are typically lower than for block caves but higher than for stoping methods.” Caving is a non-selective, bulk mining method.
What are mining methods?
There are four main mining methods: underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining. Underground mines are more expensive and are often used to reach deeper deposits. Surface mines are typically used for more shallow and less valuable deposits.
How does room and pillar mining work?
It is a mining system in which the mined material is extracted across a horizontal plane, creating horizontal arrays of rooms and pillars. To do this, “rooms” of ore are dug out while “pillars” of untouched material are left to support the roof overburden.
What is longitudinal stoping?
Longitudinal longhole retreat is a branch of the generic mining method known as sublevel stoping. It is a branch of longhole mining differing from Transverse longhole stoping, where the long axis of the stope is perpendicular to the strike of the orebody.
What is transverse stoping?
Description. Transverse longhole stoping is a bulk mining method in which the long axis of the stope and access drifts are perpendicular to the strike of the orebody.
What is a sub level?
Definition of sublevel : a level that is lower than or subordinate to another level a sublevel garage The 60 words were divided into nine separate groups based on grade levels and sublevels.—
What is VCR method of mining?
Dr. H.Z. Harraz Presentation Shrinkage & VCR stoping. Method stopes configuration in which the ore is removed at horizontal slices from bottom to top. Of the ore is left detonated accumulated until the stope is completely mined. The fragmented ore is then totally removed.
What instruments require shrinkage stopping?
Equipment. Jacklegs are normally used for production drilling and rock bolting the walls. Stopers are commonly used for rock bolting the backs.
What is a sub level cave?
Sublevel caving (SLC) is a mass mining method based upon the utilisation of gravity flow of blasted ore and caved waste rock [1]. The method functions on the principle that ore is fragmented by blasting, while the overlying host rock fractures and caves under the action of mine-induced stresses and gravity [2].
What is sublevel open stopping?
Sublevel open stopping sublevel stoping is a vertical mining method in which a large open stope is create within the vein. This open stope is not meant to be occupied by the miners therefore ,all work of drilling and must be performed from sublevel within the ore block. Three different variations of sublevel stoping are practiced 1.
What is sublevel stop mining?
Sublevel open stopping sublevel stoping is a vertical mining method in which a large open stope is create within the vein. This open stope is not meant to be occupied by the miners therefore ,all work of drilling and must be performed from sublevel within the ore block.
What is the minimum width for sublevel stoping?
Sublevel stoping is not dependent on the width of the ore body. Widths of less than 6 m (20 ft), however, make the utilization of long-hole drilling techniques more difficult. The main criteria for sublevel open stoping are competent ore and stable host rock, regular ore boundaries, and a footwall dip that exceeds the angle of repose of broken ore.
What is the difference between sublevel caving and sublevel stoping?
This method is usually considered as an alternate to sublevel caving when a lower dilution method is needed and where the rock is fairly competent. The production for a mine using sublevel stoping can range from 15- 40 tons/employee-shift, while one stope can produce greater than 25000 tons per month.