What is criteria for DKA?
A diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis requires the patient’s plasma glucose concentration to be above 250 mg per dL (although it usually is much higher), the pH level to be less than 7.30, and the bicarbonate level to be 18 mEq per L or less.
What are the 3 P’s of DKA?
The three Ps of DKA: Polydipsia—thirst. Polyuria—urination. Polyphagia—appetite.
What are the two treatment priorities for DKA?
After initial stabilization of circulation, airway, and breathing as a priority, specific treatment of DKA requires correction of hyperglycemia with intravenous insulin, frequent monitoring, and replacement of electrolytes, mainly potassium, correction of hypovolemia with intravenous fluids, and correction of acidosis.
What is the initial management of DKA?
The initial priority in the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis is the restoration of extra-cellular fluid volume through the intravenous administration of a normal saline (0.9 percent sodium chloride) solution.
What is the anion gap for DKA?
In mild DKA, anion gap is greater than 10 and in moderate or severe DKA the anion gap is greater than 12. These figures differentiate DKA from HHS where blood glucose is greater than 600 mg/dL but pH is greater than 7.3 and serum bicarbonate greater than 15 mEq/L.
What is the difference between HHNS and DKA?
DKA typically evolves within a few hours, whereas HHNS is much slower and occurs over days to weeks, according to 2021 research . The two conditions look similar because of the hyperglycemia component of each condition. Knowing the symptoms of each can help you seek medical care as soon as possible.
What are the 5 P’s of diabetes?
The bottom line The three P’s of diabetes are polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia. These terms correspond to increases in thirst, urination, and appetite, respectively. The three P’s often — but not always — occur together.
Why is Bun elevated in DKA?
Initial evaluation and monitoring of suspected diabetic ketoacidosis – BUN level is usually mildly to moderately elevated (mean 32 mg/dL) in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), attributable to significant volume loss rather than diabetic nephropathy.
How do you manage DKA in ICU?
TREATMENT OPTIONS IN THE ED OR ICU The treatment of acute DKA includes restoration of fluid deficits in the first 24 to 36 h, electrolyte replacement and insulin therapy, which is administered slowly to decreased plasma glucose[23,24].
How do you manage DKA in CKD?
Conclusion: Aggressive intravenous fluid resuscitation is a key treatment for DKA. However, cautious fluid administration should be considered in dialysis-dependent patients.
How do you care for a patient with DKA?
Treatment usually involves:
- Fluid replacement. You’ll receive fluids — either by mouth or through a vein — until you’re rehydrated.
- Electrolyte replacement. Electrolytes are minerals in your blood that carry an electric charge, such as sodium, potassium and chloride.
- Insulin therapy.
Is co2 high or low in DKA?
Accumulation of ketoacids overwhelms the normal buffering capacity of blood
Diabetic ketoacidosis | ||
---|---|---|
Normal range | Moderate | |
pCO2 (kPa) | 4.7-6.0 | 2.8-3.6 |
pCO2 (mmHg) | 35-45 | 21-27 |
Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 22-28 | 10-15 |