What is pathophysiology of trauma?
Ultimately, all trauma leads to decreased organ perfusion, cellular ischemia, and a cascade of edema and inflammation. Once begun, inflammation becomes a disease process independent of its origin, and can lead to multiple organ failure and death even after a patient has been completely resuscitated.
What is a pathophysiological change?
Pathophysiology: Deranged function in an individual or an organ due to a disease. For example, a pathophysiologic alteration is a change in function as distinguished from a structural defect.
What is the pathophysiology of a concussion?
A concussion (or mild traumatic brain injury) is a complex pathophysiological process affecting the brain, induced by traumatic biomechanical forces secondary to direct or indirect forces to the head. injury, and is typically associated with normal structural imaging findings (CT Scan, MRI).
What is contrecoup injury?
The classic contrecoup injury involves a contusion opposite to the actual site of impact to the head. Contrecoup injury is a focal phenomenon and is unlike diffuse axonal injury or brain edema, which are diffuse and also result from trauma.
What causes coagulopathy in trauma?
Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a clinical syndrome caused by imbalance between clotting, anti-coagulation and fibrinolysis resulting from multiple pathological factors such as hemorrhage and tissue injury in the early stage of trauma, and is closely related to the outcome of trauma patients.
What are 3 mechanisms of injury?
Although there are several different mechanisms of injury, trauma can be categorized broadly into three groups: penetrating, blunt, and deceleration trauma. There is a significant overlap in the causes, outcomes, and body’s response to the different injury types.
What is sepsis pathophysiology?
The roles of inflammation and coagulation in the pathophysiology of sepsis are described. Sepsis results when an infectious insult triggers a localized inflammatory reaction that then spills over to cause systemic symptoms of fever or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, and either leukocytosis or leukopenia.
What does pathophysiology mean in simple terms?
Definition of pathophysiology : the physiology of abnormal states specifically : the functional changes that accompany a particular syndrome or disease.
What are 3 symptoms of a concussion?
Headache or “pressure” in head.
What happens to the brain during a concussion?
Within the skull, the brain floats in a protective suspension of cerebrospinal fluid. Concussion occurs when either a direct impact or whiplash effect causes the brain to move inside the head and bump against the skull. As a result, neurons are damaged and the brain may bruise at the site of impact.
What are the symptoms of coup?
Symptoms of coup contrecoup brain injury can include:
- Headaches.
- Confusion.
- Dizziness.
- Coma.
- Loss of consciousness.
- Loss of memory.
- Sensitive to light or loud noises.
- Slurred speech.
What causes coup injuries?
Coup injury may be caused when, during an impact, the brain undergoes linear acceleration and deceleration forces or rotational forces, causing it to collide with the opposite side of the skull. The injuries can also be caused solely by acceleration or deceleration in the absence of an impact.
What kinds of things cause trauma?
Acute trauma: This results from a single stressful or dangerous event.
Is trauma taken seriously?
Two people were shot and have been transported to a trauma centre with serious injuries. A light-colored vehicle was seen fleeing the area, according to police. No other suspect description is available at this time.
What is the pathophysiology of abdominal trauma?
The pathophysiology of trauma can range from mild and temporary to severe and life-threatening. Abdominal trauma is a common injury associated with taking a blow to the stomach and abdominal area, causing a rupture in the abdominal muscle or injury to various abdominal organs.
What is the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI)?
Traumatic brain injury pathophysiology shows vasospasm occurs by many mechanisms, including chronic depolarization of vascular smooth muscle, the release of endothelin, reduced availability of nitric oxide, and depletion of cyclic GMP of vascular smooth muscle, free radical formation, etc.